暨南学报(哲学社会科学版)

作者：周兴樑

单位：中山大学历史系教授,博士生导师。

关键词：孙中山,人的现代化,改造国民性,养成与提升国民人文素质

孙中山在毕生为振兴中华与改变祖国命运的奋战中,逐步深刻认识到,国人素质的高低及国民人心之向背,直接关系和影响到民主革命之成败与国家建设事业的兴废。有鉴于此,他于辛亥革命之后尤其在晚年,十分关注人的现代化问题,强调要搞好我国的社会文明特别是精神文明建设,就必须从变革国民之政治心理——切实改造民心,促使其心理弃旧更新,及大力养成与提升国民的人文素质水平这项基础工程做起。为此,其针对并依据中国特有的国情民性,就如何致力于搞好这一国家基础更新的时代性课题,发表过不少真知灼见,并力图在施政过程中认真地将之付诸践行。"/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});$(document).ready(function(){window.metaData = {"journal":{"issn":"1000-5072","qiKanMingCheng_CN":"暨南学报（哲学社会科学版）","id":2,"qiKanMingCheng_EN":"Jinan Journal"},"article":{"keywordList_cn":["改造国民性","人的现代化","孙中山","养成与提升国民人文素质"],"juan":"42","zhaiyao_cn":"孙中山在毕生为振兴中华与改变祖国命运的奋战中,逐步深刻认识到,国人素质的高低及国民人心之向背,直接关系和影响到民主革命之成败与国家建设事业的兴废。有鉴于此,他于辛亥革命之后尤其在晚年,十分关注人的现代化问题,强调要搞好我国的社会文明特别是精神文明建设,就必须从变革国民之政治心理——切实改造民心,促使其心理弃旧更新,及大力养成与提升国民的人文素质水平这项基础工程做起。为此,其针对并依据中国特有的国情民性,就如何致力于搞好这一国家基础更新的时代性课题,发表过不少真知灼见,并力图在施政过程中认真地将之付诸践行。","endNoteUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=EndNote&id=6398","bibtexUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=BibTeX&id=6398","abstractUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/Y2020/V42/I4/110","qi":"4","id":6398,"nian":2020,"bianHao":"2020-4-110","zuoZheEn_L":"ZHOU Xingliang","juanUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/Y2020","shouCiFaBuRiQi":"2020-04-30","qiShiYe":"110","qiUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/Y2020/V42/I4","lanMu_cn":"历史","pdfSize":"994","zuoZhe_CN":"周兴樑","risUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=Ris&id=6398","title_cn":"孙中山力促实现人的现代化:改造国民性及提升国民之素质","jieShuYe":"123","keywordList_en":["cultivate and improve the humanistic quality of the people","human modernization","Sun Yat-sen","transforming nationality"],"endNoteUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=EndNote&id=6398","zhaiyao_en":"In his lifelong struggle to rejuvenate China and change the destiny of the motherland, Sun Yat-sen gradually realized that the quality as well as the public attitude of the people can directly affect the democratic revolution and national construction. Therefore, after the Revolution of 1911, especially in his later years, he paid close attention to the issue of human modernization and emphasized that in order to do a good job in the construction of social civilization, especially spiritual civilization in China, it was a basic project to change the political psychology of the people, including promoting their psychology to shatter old ideas and form new ones, and cultivating and improving humane quality. For this reason, many wise and insightful opinions have publicized on how to accomplish with renewing the country's foundation in accordance with China's unique national conditions. What's more, he made efforts to put it into practice sternly during the process of his administration.","bibtexUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=BibTeX&id=6398","abstractUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/Y2020/V42/I4/110","zuoZheCn_L":"周兴樑","juanUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/Y2020","lanMu_en":"","qiUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/Y2020/V42/I4","zuoZhe_EN":"ZHOU Xingliang","risUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=Ris&id=6398","title_en":"Sun Yat Sen's Efforts to Promote Human Modernization: Transforming Nationality and Improving National Quality Levels","hasPdf":"true"},"authorNotes_cn":["周兴樑,中山大学历史系教授,博士生导师。"]};if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); }, doAfterFun:function(selector,jsonData){doMagVueAfter(selector,jsonData);}});var pars = {attachType:'PDF',id:$("#articleId").val(),json:true};jQuery.post($("#mag-common-contextPath").val()+"/CN/article/showArticleFile.do?" + new Date().getTime(), pars, function(data){var json=null;if(data.match(/^\[json\].*/g)){json=eval("("+data.replace(/^\[json\]/g,"")+")");}if(json && json.status == 1){//有权限}else{//无权限$("#no-access-div").show();}});mag_ajax({url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/CN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do',data:{articleId:$("#articleId").val(),token:'298a5c21df464d8a864c811ab4936c19',referer:document.referrer},dataType:"json",async:"false",success:function(json){if(json.richHtmlJson && json.richHtmlJson.article){if(json.trans){var _nlmdtdXmlCN = $("#article_nlmdtdXmlCN").val();var magDirCN = _nlmdtdXmlCN.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');json.richHtmlJson.magDir=magDirCN;}else{json.richHtmlJson.magDir=magDir;}new mag_vue({ el: '#bodyVue', data:json.richHtmlJson, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); }, doAfterFun:function(selector,jsonData){doMagVueAfter(selector,jsonData);}});}}});//altmetricif($.trim($("#article_doi").val())!=''){$.ajax({url:'https://api.altmetric.com/v1/doi/'+$.trim($("#article_doi").val())+'?callback=altmetric_callback',//url:'https://api.altmetric.com/v1/doi/10.1007/s13238-016-0264-7?callback=altmetric_callback',dataType:'jsonp'});}mag_rich_menu(jQuery);$(function(){ $('#autoMenu').autoMenu();})$("#autoMenu").niceScroll({cursorcolor: "#ccc", //滚动条的颜色cursoropacitymax: 0, //滚动条的透明度，从0-1 touchbehavior: false, //使光标拖动滚动像在台式电脑触摸设备 true滚动条拖动不可用 cursorwidth: "6px", //滚动条的宽度 单位默认px cursorborder: "0", // 游标边框css定义 cursorborderradius: "3px", //滚动条两头的圆角 autohidemode: true, //是否隐藏滚动条 true的时候默认不显示滚动条，当鼠标经过的时候显示滚动条 zindex: "auto", //给滚动条设置z-index值 railvalign:'defaul',railpadding: {top: 0,right: -6,left: 0,bottom: 0}, //滚动条的位置});window.autoMenuFlag=true;$("#relatedArticles").niceScroll({cursorcolor: "#ccc", //滚动条的颜色cursoropacitymax: 0, //滚动条的透明度，从0-1 touchbehavior: false, //使光标拖动滚动像在台式电脑触摸设备 true滚动条拖动不可用 cursorwidth: "6px", //滚动条的宽度 单位默认px cursorborder: "0", // 游标边框css定义 cursorborderradius: "3px", //滚动条两头的圆角 autohidemode: true, //是否隐藏滚动条 true的时候默认不显示滚动条，当鼠标经过的时候显示滚动条 zindex: "auto", //给滚动条设置z-index值 railvalign:'defaul',railpadding: {top: 0,right: -6,left: 0,bottom: 0}, //滚动条的位置});//公式序号 居右jQuery(".mag-xml-disp-formula").each(function() {var _this = jQuery(this);var _label= _this.children("label");if(typeof(_label.html())!="undefined"){_this.children("label").remove();_this.wrap("");_this.parent().parent().append(""+_label.html()+"");}});$('body').click(function(){$('.daochu_div').hide();$('.qipao').hide();})$('.qipao').click(function(event){event.stopPropagation();})/*参考文献显示隐藏*/$('.biaotijiantoush1').click(function(event){if($(this).attr('class')=='glyphicon glyphicon-triangle-top biaotijiantoush biaotijiantoush1'){$(this).parents('.mag_main_zhengwen_left_div_ckwx_table_benwenyiny').next('.mag_main_zhengwen_left_div_ckwx_table_ckwx_xiangqing').stop().slideUp();$(this).attr('class','glyphicon glyphicon-triangle-bottom biaotijiantoush biaotijiantoush1');}else if($(this).attr('class')=='glyphicon glyphicon-triangle-bottom biaotijiantoush biaotijiantoush1'){$(this).parents('.mag_main_zhengwen_left_div_ckwx_table_benwenyiny').next('.mag_main_zhengwen_left_div_ckwx_table_ckwx_xiangqing').stop().slideDown();$(this).attr('class','glyphicon glyphicon-triangle-top biaotijiantoush biaotijiantoush1');}event.stopPropagation();});//加载补充材料mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showArticle_suppls',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/CN/article/showArticleSuppls.do',data:{articleId:$("#articleId").val()}});//加载专题mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showArticle_subjects',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/CN/subject/showSubjectListByArticle.do',data:{articleId:$("#articleId").val(),forwardJsp:'showArticle'}});//渲染公式mag_mathJax();});function altmetric_callback(json){if(json && json.score){if(json.score - parseInt(json.score) > 0){$("#altmetric-score").html(parseInt(json.score)+1);}else{$("#altmetric-score").html(parseInt(json.score));}$(".main_content_center_right_duoweidu_div").css("width","25%");$("#altmetric-a").show();$("#altmetric-a").attr("href",json.details_url);}}function richClickAuthor(name){var searchSQL = "((("+mag_advSearchValReplace(name)+"[Author]) AND 2J[Journal]) AND year[Order])";mag_request({url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/CN/searchresult',data:{searchSQL:searchSQL}});}function richClickKeyword(keyword){var searchSQL = "((("+mag_advSearchValReplace(keyword)+"[Keyword]) AND 2J[Journal]) AND year[Order])";mag_request({url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/CN/searchresult',data:{searchSQL:searchSQL}});}function mag_share(){$("#bShare_more_a").click();}function loadRelatedArticles(){if($("#showRelatedArticles") && $("#showRelatedArticles").length>0){//加载过了}else{mag_loading();mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'relatedArticles-content',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/CN/article/relatedArticle.do',data:{id:$("#articleId").val(), forwardJsp:'showArticle'},complete:function(){mag_layer_close();}});}}function showMetrics(){mag_window_location(mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/CN/metrics/'+$("#articleId").val());}function piaofuFn(a,fnId){var content=''+$("#mag-rich-fn-"+fnId).html()+'';piaofu(a,content);}function huoqukuanduimg(){//}function doDataJsonText(text){var str = text;//var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();//var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');str = str.replace(/";ss += "";var shuomingTitle = "";var shuomingContent = '';if(fig.titleCn && fig.titleCn!=''){shuomingTitle = fig.titleCn;if(fig.titleContentCn && fig.titleContentCn!=''){shuomingContent += fig.titleContentCn;}}if(shuomingTitle==''){if(fig.titleEn && fig.titleEn!=''){shuomingTitle = fig.titleEn;}if(fig.titleContentEn && fig.titleContentEn!=''){shuomingContent += fig.titleContentEn;}}else{if(fig.titleEn && fig.titleEn!=''){shuomingContent += ""+fig.titleEn+"

来源：2020年第4期

《暨南学报(哲学社会科学版)》期刊编辑部

查看暨南学报(哲学社会科学版)杂志2020年第4期