暨南学报(哲学社会科学版)

作者：解正山

单位：上海对外经贸大学法学院副教授。

关键词：人工智能,机器人,法律人格,产品责任

快速发展的人工智能技术使机器人越发具有自主性并呈现出某些道德或法律的能力。鉴此,不少法律学者主张授予这些人工智能实体法律人格以使之成为法律主体。然而,这种实用主义的法律立场忽视了智能机器人与自然人以及法人间的本质差异,赋予它们所谓的权利无论是在道德层面还是在法律层面上都是值得商榷的,主张机器人承担自身“行为”责任更是不可能。相反,将智能机器人视为“产品”并通过优化现有责任法框架来合理分配机器人“行为”责任才是现实的选择。"/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});$(document).ready(function(){window.metaData = {"journal":{"issn":"1000-5072","qiKanMingCheng_CN":"暨南学报（哲学社会科学版）","id":2,"qiKanMingCheng_EN":"Jinan Journal"},"article":{"keywordList_cn":["产品责任","法律人格","机器人","人工智能"],"juan":"42","zhaiyao_cn":"快速发展的人工智能技术使机器人越发具有自主性并呈现出某些道德或法律的能力。鉴此,不少法律学者主张授予这些人工智能实体法律人格以使之成为法律主体。然而,这种实用主义的法律立场忽视了智能机器人与自然人以及法人间的本质差异,赋予它们所谓的权利无论是在道德层面还是在法律层面上都是值得商榷的,主张机器人承担自身“行为”责任更是不可能。相反,将智能机器人视为“产品”并通过优化现有责任法框架来合理分配机器人“行为”责任才是现实的选择。","endNoteUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=EndNote&id=6427","reference":"","bibtexUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=BibTeX&id=6427","abstractUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/Y2020/V42/I8/84","qi":"8","id":6427,"nian":2020,"bianHao":"2020-8-84","zuoZheEn_L":"XIE Zhengshan","juanUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/Y2020","shouCiFaBuRiQi":"2020-07-17","qiShiYe":"84","qiUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/Y2020/V42/I8","lanMu_cn":"新型权利论坛","pdfSize":"736","zuoZhe_CN":"解正山","risUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=Ris&id=6427","title_cn":"对机器人“法律人格论”的质疑——兼论机器人致害民事责任","jieShuYe":"97","keywordList_en":["artificial Intelligence","legal personality","product liability","robot"],"endNoteUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=EndNote&id=6427","zhaiyao_en":"With the rapid development of Artificial Intelligence technology, the robot is becoming more and more autonomous and enjoys some moral or legal capacity. Because of this, some legal scholars argue that these artificial intelligence systems should be granted legal personality and to become legal subjects. However, such legal standpoint based on pragmatism overlooks the essential difference between robots and the natural person or legal person. Not only granting moral or legal rights to robots is highly questionable, but also arguing that robots may assume itself liability is impossible. 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来源：2020年第8期

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