暨南学报(哲学社会科学版)

作者：陈晓锦, 章策

单位：暨南大学文学院。

关键词：海外汉语方言,华人,移民方式,传播,发展

基金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“海外华人社区汉语方言与文化研究”(14ZDB107);国家社会科学基金重点项目“美国华人社区汉语方言与文化研究”(14AYY005);中华文化港澳台及海外传承传播协同创新中心课程建设项目“我是潮州人——实用潮州话会话教程”(JNXTKC2022002)。

20世纪80年代开始,学界就注意到移民影响语言传播这一现象。作为全球最大的移民群体,华人的移民流向奠定了汉语方言在全球的分布格局,并对汉语的传播和发展起到了关键作用。文章在田野调查的基础上认为,华人移民推动海外汉语方言社区的形成,并影响海外汉语方言竞争力,甚至关乎海外汉语方言的承续与发展。研究发现,不同时期的“批量式移民”和“零散式移民”共同推动海外汉语方言社区的形成,造就了社区内部三种不同竞争力的海外汉语方言类型,即“一枝独秀型”“势均力敌型”和“此消彼长型”。同时,华人移民塑造了中文学校教学语言的面貌,奠定了海外汉语方言文化的基础。"/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});$(document).ready(function(){window.metaData = {"journal":{"issn":"1000-5072","qiKanMingCheng_CN":"暨南学报（哲学社会科学版）","id":2,"qiKanMingCheng_EN":"Jinan Journal"},"fundList_cn":["国家社会科学基金重大项目“海外华人社区汉语方言与文化研究”(14ZDB107);国家社会科学基金重点项目“美国华人社区汉语方言与文化研究”(14AYY005);中华文化港澳台及海外传承传播协同创新中心课程建设项目“我是潮州人——实用潮州话会话教程”(JNXTKC2022002)。"],"article":{"keywordList_cn":["海外汉语方言","华人","移民方式","传播","发展"],"juan":"45","zhaiyao_cn":"20世纪80年代开始,学界就注意到移民影响语言传播这一现象。作为全球最大的移民群体,华人的移民流向奠定了汉语方言在全球的分布格局,并对汉语的传播和发展起到了关键作用。文章在田野调查的基础上认为,华人移民推动海外汉语方言社区的形成,并影响海外汉语方言竞争力,甚至关乎海外汉语方言的承续与发展。研究发现,不同时期的“批量式移民”和“零散式移民”共同推动海外汉语方言社区的形成,造就了社区内部三种不同竞争力的海外汉语方言类型,即“一枝独秀型”“势均力敌型”和“此消彼长型”。同时,华人移民塑造了中文学校教学语言的面貌,奠定了海外汉语方言文化的基础。","endNoteUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=EndNote&id=6685","reference":"","bibtexUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=BibTeX&id=6685","abstractUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/10.11778/j.jnxb.20222000","qi":"5","id":6685,"nian":2023,"bianHao":"1686535942083-466210160","zuoZheEn_L":"CHEN Xiaojin, ZHANG Ce","juanUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/Y2023","shouCiFaBuRiQi":"2023-06-12","qiShiYe":"1","qiUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/Y2023/V45/I5","lanMu_cn":"语言学研究","pdfSize":"809","zuoZhe_CN":"陈晓锦, 章策","risUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=Ris&id=6685","title_cn":"从华人移民看海外汉语方言的传播与发展","doi":"10.11778/j.jnxb.20222000","jieShuYe":"12","keywordList_en":["Overseas Chinese dialects","Chinese","immigration methods","transmission","development"],"endNoteUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=EndNote&id=6685","zhaiyao_en":"Since the 1980s, the academic community has noticed the proposition that immigrants affect language communication. As the largest immigrant group in the world, the flow of Chinese immigrants has laid the global distribution pattern of Chinese dialects and played a key role in the transmission and development of Chinese. However, the existing research rarely discusses the transmission and development of overseas Chinese dialects from the perspective of Chinese immigrants. In particular, there is a lack of systematic research on how Chinese immigrants promote the formation of overseas Chinese dialect communities and how they affect the competitiveness of overseas Chinese dialects and their inheritance and development. Based on the first-hand materials obtained from overseas fieldwork over the years, this paper comprehensively sorts out the internal relationship between Chinese immigrants and the transmission and development of overseas Chinese dialects, and examines the competitiveness of Chinese dialects in overseas Chinese communities. The study found that the “immigration in batch mode” and “immigration in scattered type” in different periods jointly promoted the formation of new and old overseas Chinese communities on five continents in modern and contemporary times, and then created three different competitive types of overseas Chinese dialects in the Chinese community, namely, “one-of-a-kind” type, “evenly matched” type, and “wane and wax” type. In addition, this paper also makes a brief analysis of the mother tongue characteristics of the new immigrant groups in the new era, and points out that after the new immigrants of “no dialect” enter the traditional overseas Chinese community, they gradually change the current situation of the Chinese dialect cultural landscape in the old Chinese community. Based on this, some suggestions are put forward to stimulate the vitality of overseas Chinese dialects and save endangered overseas Chinese dialects. Compared with previous studies, this paper makes a deep expansion from the following two aspects: First, from the perspective of Chinese immigrants, this paper analyzes the competitiveness of Chinese dialects within overseas Chinese communities, and puts forward three development types of overseas Chinese dialects based on facts. Second, based on the language status of the overseas Chinese community, this paper further explores the inheritance and development of overseas Chinese dialects. The research of this paper reflects the linguistic and cultural landscape of overseas Chinese community to a certain extent. Generally speaking, the Chinese dialect and culture of overseas Chinese communities have become a form of multiculturalism in the host countries, and it is also the most direct and important window for non-Chinese groups to understand China. In China's efforts to enhance the global influence of Chinese culture, we should realize that the Chinese dialect and culture of overseas Chinese communities are forces that cannot be underestimated. In the context of the new era, strengthening the power of overseas Chinese dialect communities can effectively improve the influence of Chinese culture's external communication, and thus better serve the country's strategic development. At the same time, it can also achieve the purpose of protecting and inheriting overseas Chinese dialects and cultures, and realize the diversified development and continuation of Chinese culture.","bibtexUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=BibTeX&id=6685","abstractUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/10.11778/j.jnxb.20222000","zuoZheCn_L":"陈晓锦, 章策","juanUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/Y2023","lanMu_en":"","qiUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/Y2023/V45/I5","zuoZhe_EN":"CHEN Xiaojin, ZHANG Ce","risUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=Ris&id=6685","title_en":"The Transmission and Development of Overseas Chinese Dialects from the Perspective of Chinese Immigrants","hasPdf":"true"},"authorNotes_cn":["陈晓锦、章策,暨南大学文学院。"]};if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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来源：2023年第5期

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