暨南学报(哲学社会科学版)

作者：李丹

单位：西南大学法学院。

关键词：网络交易,虚假评价,不正当竞争,消费者

基金：司法部国家法治与法学理论研究项目“算法偏见的反垄断法规制研究”(19SFB3041)

网络交易虚假评价行为表现为引诱评价、虚假评价与恶意诋毁三种样态。由于一般条款的不确定性与具体条款的局限性,反不正当竞争法在规制网络交易虚假评价行为的司法实践中,存在截然不同的三种不同思路:单独适用一般条款、单独适用具体条款以及混合适用两类条款。基于消费者评价权滥用行为规制制度的照应与反不正当竞争法保护多重目标的合理位序,反不正当竞争法规制网络交易虚假评价行为具有必要性与合理性。但其规制面临着行为类型标准逻辑不确定、行为主体及其责任不均衡、消费者权益直接保护机制缺失的困境。破解此困境,首先要实现网络交易虚假评价行为规制的个案规范、类型化尝试与法律转变,明确行为界定逻辑标准;其次,扩大行为责任主体范围;最后,建立对消费者整体利益的直接保护机制。"/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});$(document).ready(function(){window.metaData = {"journal":{"issn":"1000-5072","qiKanMingCheng_CN":"暨南学报（哲学社会科学版）","id":2,"qiKanMingCheng_EN":"Jinan Journal"},"fundList_cn":["司法部国家法治与法学理论研究项目“算法偏见的反垄断法规制研究”(19SFB3041)"],"article":{"keywordList_cn":["网络交易","虚假评价","不正当竞争","消费者"],"juan":"45","zhaiyao_cn":"网络交易虚假评价行为表现为引诱评价、虚假评价与恶意诋毁三种样态。由于一般条款的不确定性与具体条款的局限性,反不正当竞争法在规制网络交易虚假评价行为的司法实践中,存在截然不同的三种不同思路:单独适用一般条款、单独适用具体条款以及混合适用两类条款。基于消费者评价权滥用行为规制制度的照应与反不正当竞争法保护多重目标的合理位序,反不正当竞争法规制网络交易虚假评价行为具有必要性与合理性。但其规制面临着行为类型标准逻辑不确定、行为主体及其责任不均衡、消费者权益直接保护机制缺失的困境。破解此困境,首先要实现网络交易虚假评价行为规制的个案规范、类型化尝试与法律转变,明确行为界定逻辑标准;其次,扩大行为责任主体范围;最后,建立对消费者整体利益的直接保护机制。","endNoteUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=EndNote&id=6774","reference":"","bibtexUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=BibTeX&id=6774","abstractUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/10.11778/j.jnxb.20203168","qi":"7","id":6774,"nian":2023,"bianHao":"1694413650179-1310364861","zuoZheEn_L":"LI Dan","juanUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/Y2023","shouCiFaBuRiQi":"2023-09-11","qiShiYe":"45","qiUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/Y2023/V45/I7","lanMu_cn":"中国式现代化·依法治国","pdfSize":"693","zuoZhe_CN":"李丹","risUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=Ris&id=6774","title_cn":"网络交易虚假评价行为的反不正当竞争法规制","doi":"10.11778/j.jnxb.20203168","jieShuYe":"57","keywordList_en":["online transactions","false evaluation","unfair competition","consumer"],"endNoteUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=EndNote&id=6774","zhaiyao_en":"The behavior of false evaluation of online transactions is manifested in three forms: luring evaluation, false evaluation, and malicious defamation. In the judicial practice of regulating the false evaluation of online transactions, the Anti-unfair Competition Law (hereinafter referred to as “the Law”) has three different ideas: applying the general terms alone, applying the specific terms separately, and applying the two types of terms in a mixed way. However, due to the uncertainty of the general terms and the limitations of the specific terms of the Law, different courts have greater contradictions and conflicts in the logic of law application, which is likely to lead to the consequences of different judgments in similar cases. Therefore, the purpose of the Law to regulate the false evaluation of online transactions cannot be fulfilled. Based on the consideration of the regulation system of the abuse of consumer evaluation rights and the reasonable order of the multiple objectives protected by the Law, it is still necessary and reasonable for the Law to regulate the false evaluation behavior of online transactions, but its regulation is faced with the dilemma of uncertain logic of behavior type standards, unbalanced behavior subjects and their responsibilities, and the lack of direct protection mechanism for consumer rights and interests. To solve this dilemma, the first step is to achieve case standardization, typification attempts, and legal transformation of the regulation of false evaluation behavior in online transactions. By organizing and classifying numerous case norms based on the typification of false evaluation behavior in online transactions, we can achieve typification standards for similar types of cases, clarify logical standards for defining behavior, and overcome the subjectivity and non universality issues of concretizing general terms; Secondly, expand the scope of the subject of responsibility, include individuals who implement or assist in the implementation of false evaluation of unfair competition in online transactions into the scope of the subject of responsibility, and punish and stop them from implementing false evaluation of online transactions by clarifying their responsibilities. 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来源：2023年第7期

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