暨南学报(哲学社会科学版)

作者：和育东

单位：北京化工大学文法学院。

关键词：知识产权惩罚性赔偿,情节严重,故意,倍数,考虑因素

对知识产权惩罚性赔偿情节严重要件的既有解释,要么过窄、要么过宽。运用教义学方法,从法条出发分析知识产权惩罚性赔偿请求权的构成要件可以得出,情节严重是对“侵害他人权益”“损害”“因果关系”等三个知识产权侵权损害赔偿责任构成要件的进一步限定,其考虑因素是此三个要件的考虑因素之集合。其中,“侵害他人权益”的考虑因素仅指本案受害人私法益受侵害的因素,不包括公法益受侵害的因素。凡不属于损害赔偿责任构成要件的因素,例如侵权人在诉讼中的行为、损害公共利益等,应不属于情节严重的考虑因素,可以作为惩罚性赔偿数额的考虑因素,在确定倍数时予以考虑。"/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});$(document).ready(function(){window.metaData = {"journal":{"issn":"1000-5072","qiKanMingCheng_CN":"暨南学报（哲学社会科学版）","id":2,"qiKanMingCheng_EN":"Jinan Journal"},"article":{"keywordList_cn":["知识产权惩罚性赔偿","情节严重","故意","倍数","考虑因素"],"juan":"45","zhaiyao_cn":"对知识产权惩罚性赔偿情节严重要件的既有解释,要么过窄、要么过宽。运用教义学方法,从法条出发分析知识产权惩罚性赔偿请求权的构成要件可以得出,情节严重是对“侵害他人权益”“损害”“因果关系”等三个知识产权侵权损害赔偿责任构成要件的进一步限定,其考虑因素是此三个要件的考虑因素之集合。其中,“侵害他人权益”的考虑因素仅指本案受害人私法益受侵害的因素,不包括公法益受侵害的因素。凡不属于损害赔偿责任构成要件的因素,例如侵权人在诉讼中的行为、损害公共利益等,应不属于情节严重的考虑因素,可以作为惩罚性赔偿数额的考虑因素,在确定倍数时予以考虑。","endNoteUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=EndNote&id=6773","reference":"","bibtexUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=BibTeX&id=6773","abstractUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/10.11778/j.jnxb.20222022","qi":"7","id":6773,"nian":2023,"bianHao":"1694413649726-1275562874","zuoZheEn_L":"HE Yudong","juanUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/Y2023","shouCiFaBuRiQi":"2023-09-11","qiShiYe":"30","qiUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/Y2023/V45/I7","lanMu_cn":"中国式现代化·依法治国","pdfSize":"703","zuoZhe_CN":"和育东","risUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=Ris&id=6773","title_cn":"知识产权惩罚性赔偿“情节严重”要件的解释进路","doi":"10.11778/j.jnxb.20222022","jieShuYe":"44","keywordList_en":["Intellectual property rights infringement","Punitive damages","Serious circumstances","Intention","Constitutive requirements"],"endNoteUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=EndNote&id=6773","zhaiyao_en":"As one of the constitutive requirements of punitive damages for intellectual property rights (IPR) infringement, “serious circumstances” is an indefinite concept. The inductive approach to interpreting it adopted by Interpretation of the Supreme People's Court on the Application of Punitive Damages in the Trial of Intellectual Property Infringement Civil Cases is somewhat short of logic rationality. On the IPR laws, Article of punitive damages is embedded in the Article of damages, therefore the claim on damages is the prerequisite of claim on punitive damages, and the constitutive requirements of damages should also be met previously when applying punitive damages. This logical way to interpret serious circumstances could be called constitutive requirements approach, which means the double constitutive requirements of punitive damages for the IPR infringement, “intention” and “serious circumstances” are to further qualify the constitutive requirements of damages for IPR infringement. Specifically, the intention is to qualify fault, i.e., only intentional part of fault could meet the requirements of punitive damages; serious circumstances is to qualify the other three constitutive requirements of damages for IPR infringement: “infringing others' rights or interests”, “harm”, and “causation”, i.e., the three requirements should be established separately, and comprehensively evaluated as severity level in order to meet the requirements of punitive damages. Factors considered in determining serious circumstances are the aggregation of the factors considered in determining the above three constitutive requirements. Firstly, factors which do not affect the constitutive requirements of damages for IPR infringement should not be included into factors considered in determining serious circumstances, but they may affect amounts of punitive damages by being considered in determining multiple. Hence, factors considered in determining multiple consist of factors considered in determining intention, factors considered in determining serious circumstances, and other special factors considered in determining multiple. Secondly, the circumstances under which intention is preliminarily determined should not be listed as circumstances under which serious circumstances is determined, and repetitive infringement is such an example. Thirdly, Factors considered in determining infringing others' rights or interests only refer to factors related to the private legal interest of victims of the case, not to nonparties' private legal interest or public legal interest. The Mainstream theory of punitive damages has changed its direction from public punishment by private enforcement to private punishment, and the serious circumstances requirement of punitive damages comes away from that of criminal liability for infringing IPR. From perspective of constitutive requirements approach, the Article 4 of the above Interpretation should be improved as follows. First, whether direct causality or indirect causality should be added to the factors considered in determining serious circumstances. Second, factor of “the act of the infringer in the litigation”, and circumstances of “the defendant forges, destroys or conceals any evidence of infringement”, “the defendant refuses to perform a preservation ruling”, and “the infringement may endanger national security, public interest or personal health” should be moved to Article 6 as factor and circumstances under which multiple is determined. Next, “the defendant commits the same or similar infringement after it has been subject to any administrative punishment or has assumed liability based on the ruling of the court due to infringement” should be moved to Article 3 as circumstances under which intention is preliminarily determined.","bibtexUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=BibTeX&id=6773","abstractUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/10.11778/j.jnxb.20222022","zuoZheCn_L":"和育东","juanUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/Y2023","lanMu_en":"","qiUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/Y2023/V45/I7","zuoZhe_EN":"HE Yudong","risUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=Ris&id=6773","title_en":"Approaches to Properly Interpreting the “Serious Circumstances” Requirement of Punitive Damages for Intellectual Property Rights Infringement","hasPdf":"true"},"authorNotes_cn":["和育东,北京化工大学文法学院。"]};if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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来源：2023年第7期

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