暨南学报(哲学社会科学版)

作者：丁建安

单位：苏州大学王健法学院。

关键词：收入分配,工资集体谈判,利益争议,最终报价仲裁

市场经济条件下要提升劳动者的工资报酬,仅靠工资集体协商是不够的,但要推行工资集体谈判,就必须解决一个最为根本的问题,即“谈不拢怎么办”。对此学界的主流观点是赋予劳动者集体行动权,通过博弈的方式迫使用人单位妥协,但这显然不太现实,而且祸福难料,这种观点完全是“劳动三权”逻辑下的思维定式所致。域外很多国家为解决公共部门员工要涨薪但不能采取集体行动的困局创设了利益争议强制仲裁制度,尤其是美国职业棒球联盟为解决薪资争议创设了最终报价仲裁制度,该制度既能解决“谈不拢怎么办”的问题,又可避免集体行动的危害,还比较容易操作,非常值得借鉴。"/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});$(document).ready(function(){window.metaData = {"journal":{"issn":"1000-5072","qiKanMingCheng_CN":"暨南学报（哲学社会科学版）","id":2,"qiKanMingCheng_EN":"Jinan Journal"},"article":{"keywordList_cn":["收入分配","工资集体谈判","利益争议","最终报价仲裁"],"juan":"47","zhaiyao_cn":"市场经济条件下要提升劳动者的工资报酬,仅靠工资集体协商是不够的,但要推行工资集体谈判,就必须解决一个最为根本的问题,即“谈不拢怎么办”。对此学界的主流观点是赋予劳动者集体行动权,通过博弈的方式迫使用人单位妥协,但这显然不太现实,而且祸福难料,这种观点完全是“劳动三权”逻辑下的思维定式所致。域外很多国家为解决公共部门员工要涨薪但不能采取集体行动的困局创设了利益争议强制仲裁制度,尤其是美国职业棒球联盟为解决薪资争议创设了最终报价仲裁制度,该制度既能解决“谈不拢怎么办”的问题,又可避免集体行动的危害,还比较容易操作,非常值得借鉴。","endNoteUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=EndNote&id=7193","reference":"","bibtexUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=BibTeX&id=7193","abstractUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/10.11778/j.jnxb.20230741","qi":"3","id":7193,"nian":2025,"bianHao":"1749699402530-984138065","zuoZheEn_L":"DING Jian'an","juanUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/Y2025","shouCiFaBuRiQi":"2025-06-12","qiShiYe":"40","qiUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/Y2025/V47/I3","lanMu_cn":"新社会阶层","pdfSize":"734","zuoZhe_CN":"丁建安","risUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=Ris&id=7193","title_cn":"论工资集体谈判中引入最终报价仲裁制度的可行性","doi":"10.11778/j.jnxb.20230741","jieShuYe":"53","keywordList_en":["income distribution","collective bargaining on wages","interest dispute","final offer arbitration"],"endNoteUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=EndNote&id=7193","zhaiyao_en":"The issue of insufficient domestic demand has become one of the key constraints to China's sustainable economic development. The government has repeatedly emphasized the need to increase the proportion of workers' wages in the initial distribution to expand domestic demand and enhance the fundamental role of consumption in economic growth. However, under the market economy, direct government intervention to raise workers' wages is unrealistic, and collective wage consultations alone are far from sufficient, so collective bargaining on wages is indispensable. To implement collective bargaining on wages, a fundamental issue must be solved: What to do if an agreement cannot be reached? Influenced by the traditional logic of the “three rights of labor”, the prevailing view in academia is to empower workers with the right to collective action, forcing employers to compromise through negotiation. However, this approach is evidently unrealistic for China, which is fraught with unpredictability; more importantly, it is unnecessary. Many other countries have established a final offer arbitration (FOA) system to resolve the predicament faced by public sector employees who want wage raises but cannot organize collective action. This system effectively addresses the question of “what to do if an agreement cannot be reached”, avoids the dangers of collective action, and is relatively easy to implement, making it a worthwhile reference.FOA, also known as “all or nothing” arbitration, is based on economist Nash's game theory. Its basic operational model involves both parties submitting a final offer to the arbitration panel after unsuccessful preliminary negotiations. The arbitration panel can only choose one of the two offers, with no possibility for compromise or modification. As the panel must select one offer, the fixed and limited power creates a situation of “all or nothing”, compelling both parties to negotiate in good faith and rationally. 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来源：2025年第3期

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