暨南学报(哲学社会科学版)

作者：宁宇

单位：广州大学法学院、南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海)。

关键词：粤港澳大湾区,海洋数据共享,海洋数据安全,外部审查,法律协同

基金：国家社会科学基金重大专项(23VHQ008);广东省哲学社会科学青年项目“大数据时代粤港澳大湾区海洋环境协同治理的法律问题研究”(GD24YFX09)。

建设更高水平平安中国背景下的海洋强国,肯綮在于大数据赋能海洋开发、利用、保护和管控的协同优化与效能提升。但“一国两制三法域”下的粤港澳大湾区由于三地的法益保护倚重不同、数据权属可能存在纠纷、数字化海洋执法存在安全风险等困境。打破粤港澳大湾区海洋治理的“信息孤岛”,关键需要突破海洋数据共享的规则屏障和共享数据的评估标准各异问题,具体的法律协同路径在于:强化安全前提下海洋数据便捷共享的顶层制度设计;统一粤港澳三地海洋数据价值评估及分类分级标准,设置独立专家委员会,健全外部审查机制,配套数据安全责任追究制度;构建湾区海洋数据重用法律制度,支持用户多样化需求;塑造一体化的海洋数据治理与协同监管体系。以法律适用的衔接与协调,确保海洋数据安全便捷地共享,助力粤港澳大湾区发展为全球湾区建设的典范。"/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});$(document).ready(function(){window.metaData = {"journal":{"issn":"1000-5072","qiKanMingCheng_CN":"暨南学报（哲学社会科学版）","id":2,"qiKanMingCheng_EN":"Jinan Journal"},"fundList_cn":["国家社会科学基金重大专项(23VHQ008);广东省哲学社会科学青年项目“大数据时代粤港澳大湾区海洋环境协同治理的法律问题研究”(GD24YFX09)。"],"article":{"keywordList_cn":["粤港澳大湾区","海洋数据共享","海洋数据安全","外部审查","法律协同"],"juan":"47","zhaiyao_cn":"建设更高水平平安中国背景下的海洋强国,肯綮在于大数据赋能海洋开发、利用、保护和管控的协同优化与效能提升。但“一国两制三法域”下的粤港澳大湾区由于三地的法益保护倚重不同、数据权属可能存在纠纷、数字化海洋执法存在安全风险等困境。打破粤港澳大湾区海洋治理的“信息孤岛”,关键需要突破海洋数据共享的规则屏障和共享数据的评估标准各异问题,具体的法律协同路径在于:强化安全前提下海洋数据便捷共享的顶层制度设计;统一粤港澳三地海洋数据价值评估及分类分级标准,设置独立专家委员会,健全外部审查机制,配套数据安全责任追究制度;构建湾区海洋数据重用法律制度,支持用户多样化需求;塑造一体化的海洋数据治理与协同监管体系。以法律适用的衔接与协调,确保海洋数据安全便捷地共享,助力粤港澳大湾区发展为全球湾区建设的典范。","endNoteUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=EndNote&id=7211","reference":"","bibtexUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=BibTeX&id=7211","abstractUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/10.11778/j.jnxb.20241749","qi":"4","id":7211,"nian":2025,"bianHao":"1751353168816-1834785083","zuoZheEn_L":"NING Yu","juanUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/Y2025","shouCiFaBuRiQi":"2025-07-01","qiShiYe":"167","qiUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/Y2025/V47/I4","lanMu_cn":"海洋强国建设","pdfSize":"704","zuoZhe_CN":"宁宇","risUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=Ris&id=7211","title_cn":"海洋数据的共享风险与制度优化:以粤港澳大湾区的资源公地为例","doi":"10.11778/j.jnxb.20241749","jieShuYe":"180","keywordList_en":["Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area","marine data sharing","marine data security","external review mechanism","legal collaboration"],"endNoteUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=EndNote&id=7211","zhaiyao_en":"Building a strong maritime country in the context of a higher-level Safe China relies on the synergistic optimization and efficiency enhancement of marine development, utilization, protection, and management empowered by big data. Marine data sharing is not only a key to addressing problems such as marine disasters and resource scarcity but also an essential support for advancing the construction of “Digital Ocean” and the strategy of building a strong maritime country. The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, located on the coast of the South China Sea, is endowed with abundant marine resources and extensive maritime areas, and holds an important position in the construction of an ocean power. Marine data sharing is a crucial foundation for the Greater Bay Area to achieve coordinated development of the marine economy, modernization of marine governance, marine ecological protection, and technological innovation. However, as a special region in the framework of “one country, two systems, three legal jurisdictions”, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area faces numerous legal and institutional challenges in the process of marine data sharing. This paper employs interdisciplinary research methods, integrating theories and practices from oceanography, law, and data science, to conduct an in-depth analysis of the current status and issues of marine data sharing in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. This paper finds that marine data sharing in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area faces challenges such as security risks of sensitive data, governance risks of low-quality data, and privacy risks for marine citizens. Moreover, due to differences in legal culture, interests, and technological levels among the three regions, there are significant legal conflicts in the protection of legal interests, data ownership, and digital law enforcement risks. Additionally, institutional barriers exist in data classification and grading standards, data value assessment systems, and data property rights definitions. To break the “information silos” in the marine governance of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, it is imperative to overcome the barriers to marine data sharing and the inconsistency in the evaluation standards of shared data. The specific legal coordination pathways include: strengthening the top-level institutional design for convenient marine data sharing under the premise of security, clarifying the interests and security elements of marine data sharing among the three regions, and drawing on international experience to promote the facilitation of cross-border data flows; unifying the evaluation and classification standards of marine data value among Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macao, establishing an independent expert committee, improving the external review mechanism, and supporting a data security accountability system; constructing a legal system for the reuse of marine data in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area to meet diverse user needs; and shaping an integrated marine data governance and coordinated supervision system by forming regulatory coordination groups, unifying standards, and building collaborative mechanisms. Through the connection and coordination of legal applications, it ensures the safe and convenient sharing of marine data, assisting the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area in becoming a model for global digital bay area development.","bibtexUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=BibTeX&id=7211","abstractUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/10.11778/j.jnxb.20241749","zuoZheCn_L":"宁宇","juanUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/Y2025","lanMu_en":"","qiUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/Y2025/V47/I4","zuoZhe_EN":"NING Yu","risUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=Ris&id=7211","title_en":"The Sharing Risks and Institutional Optimization of Marine Data: A Case Study of the Resource Commons in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area","hasPdf":"true"},"authorNotes_cn":["宁宇,广州大学法学院、南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海)。"]};if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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来源：2025年第4期

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