暨南学报(哲学社会科学版)

作者：朱侃, 岳经纶

单位：广东外语外贸大学社会与公共管理学院;岳经纶,中山大学中国公共管理研究中心、政治与公共事务管理学院。

关键词：基层政府,理性行动,社会风险,选择性激励,精细化复合治理

基金：广东省哲学社会科学基金青年项目“城市社区‘嵌入式服务’高质量供给的实现机制与优化路径研究”(GD25YGG08);国家社会科学基金一般项目“基层公共安全治理模式转型的多维困境与政策优化研究”(24BZZ027)。

加强基层政府社会风险治理的研究对提高国家治理能力具有重要意义。本文基于理性行动视角,构建了基层政府社会风险治理行为的分析框架,并运用A中学撤并案例对其进行了实证分析。研究发现:当前我国面临社会风险治理任务繁重与财政资源不足的结构化困境,该困境使得基层政府不得不以最低的经济成本来最大限度地消除社会风险;与此同时,具体的社会治理情境中公众因政策认同度与行动能力不同会形成包括合作型、对抗型、抱怨型以及服从型在内的差异化目标群体,并会给政府风险治理带来不同影响;在具体的行动策略上,基层政府会结合环境约束与目标群体情境,针对性地选择积极吸纳、依法惩治、恩威并施以及拉拢赋能的策略,从而更好地引导社会力量来化解社会风险。这种选择性激励是基层政府社会风险治理模式转型的重要体现,这种精细化复合治理模式在促进社会参与、降低治理成本方面优势显著,对当前社会风险治理理论与实践研究具有重要价值。"/>template{display:none;}.mag-rich-xref-fn { cursor: pointer;}//长视频$(document).ready(function(){if($("#showLongArticleVideo") && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length && $("#showLongArticleVideo").length>0){mag_ajax_update({ele_id:'showLongArticleVideo',url:mag_currentQikanUrl() + "/CN/article/showLongArticleVideo.do?id="+$("#articleId").val()});}});$(document).ready(function(){window.metaData = {"journal":{"issn":"1000-5072","qiKanMingCheng_CN":"暨南学报（哲学社会科学版）","id":2,"qiKanMingCheng_EN":"Jinan Journal"},"fundList_cn":["广东省哲学社会科学基金青年项目“城市社区‘嵌入式服务’高质量供给的实现机制与优化路径研究”(GD25YGG08);国家社会科学基金一般项目“基层公共安全治理模式转型的多维困境与政策优化研究”(24BZZ027)。"],"article":{"keywordList_cn":["基层政府","理性行动","社会风险","选择性激励","精细化复合治理"],"juan":"47","zhaiyao_cn":"加强基层政府社会风险治理的研究对提高国家治理能力具有重要意义。本文基于理性行动视角,构建了基层政府社会风险治理行为的分析框架,并运用A中学撤并案例对其进行了实证分析。研究发现:当前我国面临社会风险治理任务繁重与财政资源不足的结构化困境,该困境使得基层政府不得不以最低的经济成本来最大限度地消除社会风险;与此同时,具体的社会治理情境中公众因政策认同度与行动能力不同会形成包括合作型、对抗型、抱怨型以及服从型在内的差异化目标群体,并会给政府风险治理带来不同影响;在具体的行动策略上,基层政府会结合环境约束与目标群体情境,针对性地选择积极吸纳、依法惩治、恩威并施以及拉拢赋能的策略,从而更好地引导社会力量来化解社会风险。这种选择性激励是基层政府社会风险治理模式转型的重要体现,这种精细化复合治理模式在促进社会参与、降低治理成本方面优势显著,对当前社会风险治理理论与实践研究具有重要价值。","endNoteUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=EndNote&id=7243","reference":"","bibtexUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=BibTeX&id=7243","abstractUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/10.11778/j.jnxb.20250004","qi":"7","id":7243,"nian":2025,"bianHao":"1757058996250-305228126","zuoZheEn_L":"ZHU Kan, YUE Jinglin","juanUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/Y2025","shouCiFaBuRiQi":"2025-09-05","qiShiYe":"124","qiUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/Y2025/V47/I7","lanMu_cn":"经济管理","pdfSize":"2319","zuoZhe_CN":"朱侃, 岳经纶","risUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=Ris&id=7243","title_cn":"选择性激励:基层政府社会风险治理行为的内在逻辑——基于理性行动视角的案例分析","doi":"10.11778/j.jnxb.20250004","jieShuYe":"142","keywordList_en":["grassroots government","rational action","social risk","selective incentives","refined composite governance"],"endNoteUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=EndNote&id=7243","zhaiyao_en":"The reform and opening-up in the past 40 years has enabled China to surpass the accumulation of many developed countries that took two or three hundred years to complete. This compressed development approach has led to significant economic and social growth in a short period. However, it cannot be ignored that the rapid changes in social structure and interest patterns have accumulated a large number of social governance risks. Grassroots governments are the frontline mediators in resolving conflicts and disputes, playing a crucial role in preventing and managing social risks. Strengthening research on the social stability management behavior of grassroots governments is of great significance for maintaining social stability and safeguarding the interests of the people. However, there is currently little research on the complex and changing behavior of grassroots governments in resolving social governance risks.Based on the theory of rational behavior, this paper constructs an analytical framework for grassroots governments to resolve social risk behaviors, and uses a case study method to empirically analyze the behavior of town government B in resolving social disputes during the merger of middle school A. The findings of this paper are as follows. Firstly, currently, China faces a structural dilemma of heavy social risk governance tasks and insufficient financial resources, which forces grassroots governments to eliminate social risks to the greatest extent possible at the lowest economic cost. Secondly, in a specific social governance context, due to differences in policy identification and action capabilities, the public may form different target groups, such as cooperation, confrontation, complaints, and compliance. These differentiated target groups will have different impacts on the risk governance of grassroots governments. Thirdly, in terms of specific action strategies, grassroots governments combine environmental constraints with the background of target groups, and choose targeted strategies such as actively absorbing, punishing according to law, promoting good governance, and attracting empowerment to better guide social forces to resolve governance risks and achieve ideal governance performance at the lowest governance cost.This paper constructs a new analytical framework to explain a series of behaviors of grassroots governments in addressing social risks. The theoretical innovations of this paper are as follows. Firstly, it introduces the rational behavior theory, enriching the research perspective of grassroots governments in resolving social risks. Secondly, the process and methods of the impact of differences between target groups on grassroots government risk governance actions have been pointed out, filling the gap of insufficient attention to the context of target groups in existing research. Thirdly, this paper proposes that refined composite governance is a new model for the transformation of social risk governance, and provides an in-depth interpretation of the current “social governance” risk governance model.This paper suggests that selective incentives are an important manifestation of the transformation of the grassroots government's social risk governance model. This refined and composite governance model has significant advantages in promoting social participation and reducing governance costs, and has broad application prospects. This governance model has important reference significance for promoting the modernization of the grassroots governance system and governance capacity.","bibtexUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=BibTeX&id=7243","abstractUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/10.11778/j.jnxb.20250004","zuoZheCn_L":"朱侃, 岳经纶","juanUrl_cn":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/CN/Y2025","lanMu_en":"","qiUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/Y2025/V47/I7","zuoZhe_EN":"ZHU Kan, YUE Jinglin","risUrl_en":"https://jnxb.jnu.edu.cn/skb/EN/article/getTxtFile.do?fileType=Ris&id=7243","title_en":"Selective Incentives as the Intrinsic Logic of Grassroots Government's Social Risk Governance Behavior: Case Analysis Based on Rational Action Perspective","hasPdf":"true"},"authorNotes_cn":["朱侃,广东外语外贸大学社会与公共管理学院;岳经纶,中山大学中国公共管理研究中心、政治与公共事务管理学院。"]};if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_cn && window.metaData.authorNotes_cn)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_cn = window.metaData.authorNotes_cn;}if(window.metaData && (!window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en && !window.metaData.authorNotesCorresp_en && window.metaData.authorNotes_en)){window.metaData.authorNotesCommon_en = window.metaData.authorNotes_en;}var _nlmdtdXml = $("#article_nlmdtdXml").val();var magDir = _nlmdtdXml.replace(/\/[^\/]+$/,'');window.metaData.magDir = magDir;new mag_vue({ el: '#metaVue', //dataUrl: mag_currentQikanUrl() + '/EN/article/getRichHtmlJson.do?articleId='+$("#articleId").val(), data:window.metaData, loading:true, doTextFun:function(text){ return doDataJsonText(text); 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来源：2025年第7期

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